During the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control period, the safety and limitations of the online vehicle operation model lead to difficulties in meeting the safe travel needs of residents in areas with recurring epidemics. To realize the requirement of synergistic development of the quality of net-hailing services and environmental benefits, the current problem of electric vehicle ridesharing is studied about the characteristics of the COVID-19 prevention and control. Considering the heterogeneity of passengers′ own infection risk, the characteristics of virus transmission, and vehicle charging, different riding strategies are adopted to identify the types of passengers' infection risk. From the perspective of epidemic prevention and control, vehicle route constraints, vehicle disinfection constraints, and vehicle charging constraints are established, and the total profit of the driver, consisting of driver compensation, government subsidies, and vehicle operating costs, is taken as the optimization objective to build a ridesharing optimization model with epidemic prevention and control characteristics. A small-scale example is designed and solved using a Lingo18.0 solver. The analysis of the example proves the validity of the optimization model. Meanwhile, it can provide reference for the network car operation model in the real environment.