With the increasing service life of expressways, daily maintenance has become a key focus in the operation of expressways. Maintenance activities often occupy part of the road resources, leading to potential traffic congestion and safety risks. To improve traffic safety in work zones, this study proposes four optimization schemes based on existing research on safety facility setups in maintenance areas. These include the addition of safety facility signs with red flags, installation of warning flashing lights on the road surface, and a combined scheme. Using driving simulation experiments, driving data from drivers were collected to compare the impact of the optimized safety facility schemes on driving safety. The RSR comprehensive evaluation method was used to assess each optimization scheme. The results show that the combined optimization scheme of safety facility signs with red flags, warning flashing lights on the road surface, and voice navigation provides the highest improvement in driving safety. In the future, voice navigation could be considered for enhancing driving safety in expressway work zones.