The main contents of this paper are derived from the project "Jiangxi Country Resource Digitized Research".This paper expatiates the method and signification of combining Markov model with geographical information system,and discourses upon the theory basis of Markov data estimation model based on the mechanism of numerical division and realizing plan.It is proved by theoretical reasoning that Markov data estimation model has comparatively precise result on estimating data with acute fluctuation especially.