Based on the deep foundation pit construction of subway wind tunnel in Hangzhou, a three-dimensional numerical model of foundation pit excavation was established based on the constitutive model of small strain soil and the constitutive model of Hawke-Brown Rock. The validity of the model was verified by comparing with the measured data. On the basis of this model, the shallow foundation building outside the corner of the pit was simplified, and the variation laws of wall settlement, inclination, torsion and foundation horizontal displacement of shallow foundation buildings at different distances were studied. The results indicate the following conclusions: with the increase of the distance between the building and the foundation pit, the uneven settlement and inclination of the wall first increase and then decrease and then increase reversely. The torsional degree of the wall first decreases and then increases and then decreases. The horizontal displacement of the foundation de creases gradually, but when it decreases to a certain extent, the direction of the foundation displacement will change.