In the process of erecting fabricated steel truss bridge, the tuned mass dampers (TMD) vibration control will encounter the problem of structural layout limitation. In this study, multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) was used to reduce the vibration of the time-varying system. The finite element model of the axially moving nested cantilever beam was established by ANSYS software. The dynamic equations of an axially moving nested cantilever with an additional MTMD were established by using the dynamic theory. The numerical results agreed well with the FEM results, and the controlled modes of the structure were obtained. The parameters of the MTMD system were designed according to the controlled mode. The controlled reduction effect of different number of TMD was explored. Through the analysis of the robustness of MTMD with different pushing velocity of the guide beam, it finds that the vibration reduction effect of three TMD is obvious and enlarging the frequency interval of MTMD properly can reduce the bad influence of the pushing velocity on the vibration reduction effect.