In order to study the environmental vibration caused by high -speed trains passing through elevated tracks, an experimental test site was selected, corresponding to a stretch of the railway connection between Shanghai and Kunming. Field measurement and finite element method were used to obtain the ground vibration characteristics. Comparing the calculated value with the measured value, the results show that the ground lateral vibration acceleration caused by the high-speed train passing through the bridge is slightly larger than the vertical vibration acceleration, and the main peak frequency point of the frequency spectrum curve could be regarded as the resonance frequency induced by the periodic load. The excellent frequency distribution range of lateral and vertical acceleration is 10~80 Hz, and the acceleration amplitude of each single frequency in the frequency band tends to fluctuate and decay with increasing distance. When the vibration peaks of different frequencies meet, the vibration superposition at the meeting point shows amplification. The frequency band corresponding to the maximum vibration level of lateral and vertical acceleration shows mainly at 3.15 Hz of the range of 25~63 Hz; The numerical results of ground vibrations show an acceptable agreement with the real measurements in amplitude and changing trend, and the maximum error of acceleration Z vibration level is 1.4 dB. Hence the finite el ement model meets the accuracy requirement, which proves that this method can be used to predict the environmental vibration response.