In recent years, the rail transit industry has developed rapidly, but the environmental vibration problems caused by metro operation have attracted more and more attention. In this paper, the environmental vibration of the test line of a metro depot is measured on site, and the influence of different vehicle speeds and different track forms on the surrounding environmental vibration is evaluated. The vibration characteristics of the source strength and the cover plate are studied by using the method of 1/3 frequency doubling. The results show that in the range of 30~60 km/h, for every 10 km/h increase in vehicle speed, the Z vibration level at the sleeper and adjacent column of the ordinary section increases by 2.2 dB and 1.7 dB respectively. The trapezoidal sleeper can greatly reduce the vibration transmitted to the outer structure of the track. Compared with the ordinary section, the Z vibration levels of the sleeper and the ground measuring point at 7.5 m of the trapezoidal sleeper section are reduced by 3.4 dB and 10.1 dB, respectively. The train running speed on the test line is fast, and the vibration energy caused by it is large. If it is not controlled, it will far exceed the allowable value of the vibration standard. The vibration value of the upper building set within 24 m near the testing line needs to be focused on.