地铁运营中断下应急接驳公交调度方案研究
作者:
作者单位:

1.华东交通大学 交通运输工程学院;2.华东交通大学交通运输工程学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年基金

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    摘要:

    针对传统应急调度模式单一、疏运效率低的特征,研究了多种调度模式组合应急公交调度方法。旨在将所有滞留在中断车站的乘客利用应急公交进行疏解,为提高其疏运效率,考虑应急停车场派车能力、车辆运力、车辆救援时间特性,构建以应急公交车辆疏运成本最小和乘客平均延误最小为目标的多目标组合调度优化模型。根据该模型的特点提出使用快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)求解,为提高种群的多样性和算法的性能对该算法进行了相应的改进,最终得到Pareto分布优化解集,并采用隶属函数从中选取出最优折衷解。最后,以南昌轨道交通1号线作为算例,对应急公交组合调度方案和单一调度方案分别进行求解,结果验证表明:本文提出的组合调度方案相比传统单一调度方案的乘客平均延误时间降低20.48%,疏运成本降低了16.96%,改进后的NSGA-Ⅱ算法相比较标准的NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行求解时,乘客平均延误时间降低了4.50%,疏运成本降低了3.59%。通过灵敏度分析发现:在确定滞留乘客疏运需求的情况下,滞留乘客的平均延误时间和车队规模成负相关,应急公交的疏运成本和车队规模成正相关。

    Abstract:

    To optimize emergency response and address the inefficiencies observed in traditional dispatch models, a study was conducted to develop a scheduling method that considers a range of emergency dispatch modes. The objective was to evacuate stranded passengers at disrupted stations using emergency buses while improving transportation efficiency. The dispatch model incorporated key factors such as the dispatching capacity of the emergency parking lot, vehicle capacity, and vehicle rescue time. The study developed a multi-objective combination scheduling optimization model utilizing a fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to reduce transportation costs and the average passenger delay. The algorithm was improved to enhance the diversity and performance of the population, and a Pareto distribution optimization solution was ultimately obtained. The Nanchang Rail Transit Line 1 was used as an example to solve both the emergency bus combination dispatch plan and the single dispatch plan separately. Results revealed that the proposed combination dispatch plan reduced passenger delay time by 20.48% and transportation costs by 16.96% compared to traditional single dispatch plans. Additionally, the improved NSGA-II algorithm further reduced passenger delay time and transportation costs by 4.50% and 3.59%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that fleet size negatively correlated with the average delay time of stranded passengers and positively correlated with emergency bus transportation costs, depending on the demand for transporting stranded passengers.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-06
  • 最后修改日期:2023-04-07
  • 录用日期:2023-04-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-06-21