【Objective】In order to explore the degree of synergy between the level of high-quality development of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the level of high-speed rail networks.【Method】In this paper, the entropy power method was used to measure the level of high-quality economic development of 106 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2020, and the level of high-speed rail network was comprehensively measured by combining the social network analysis method. Subsequently, the coupling coordination model was applied to analyse the degree of coupling coordination between the two systems. And on this basis, the spatial effect of the degree of coupled coordination was investigated by using the Moran index.【Result】The results show that both the level of high-speed railway network and the high-quality development of urban economy in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as a whole have been improving year by year, and the degree of coupling and coordination between the two shows a positive correlation spatially, but there is a phenomenon of unbalanced development. Among them, the degree of coupling and coordination between the two systems in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Class A cities has improved relatively fast and is significantly higher than that in other regions. It is worth noting that some cities have significant control and influence in the HSR network of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, while others are almost marginalised.【Conclusion】The synergistic development of the urban economy and high-speed rail network in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has been steadily improving, and in the subsequent policy formulation, we will try to ensure that the high-speed rail will be able to serve all important nodes, and better promote the economic interconnection between cities.