In order to effectively enhance the coverage capability of heterogeneous? wireless sensor networks (HWSN), this paper proposes an Improved Honey Badger optimization Algorithm (IHBA). Firstly, Combined with the adaptive fruit fly optimization algorithm, the random search ability of the algorithm is enhanced, which is convenient for the algorithm to obtain the global optimal solution. Then, the strategy of replacing the worst individual is introduced to avoid adapting to the low individual to occupy the population position, while introducing new individuals to improve the population diversity and avoid the individual prematurity of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the coverage of wireless heterogeneous sensor networks. Compared with the standard Honey Badger algorithm, the coverage of wireless heterogeneous sensor networks is improved by 18.2%, and the node distribution in the whole network is more uniform.