To explore the accuracy and feasibility of the evaluation method for determining the bearing capacity of continuous beam bridges under the coupled vibration of vehicles and bridges, a vehicle-bridge coupled vibration model was established based on a two span continuous beam bridge in actual engineering. The dynamic time-history response of the bridge structure control section was extracted, and the dynamic components were removed using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and variational mode decomposition (VMD). Subsequently, the quasi-static response curve was identified to analyze the impact of bridge deck roughness and vehicle speed alignment on the accuracy of static response identification. Futhermore, the loading efficiency at different loading positions was calculated based on the different responses generated by the control section during vehicle driving. The "Chang Ding model" was employed to calculate the standard calibration coefficient of the quasi-static response for the damaged bridge control section under light load efficiency. This procedure aimed to evaluate the bearing capacity of the damaged continuous beam bridge. The results indicate that the quasi-static response curve decomposed by VMD aligns more with the static response curve compared to EMD. Moreover, the error between the identified quasi-static response and the static response gradually increases with the augmentation of both the roughness of the bridge deck and moving speed of the loaded vehicle. The quasi-static response identified during the loading process of mobile vehicles demonstrates relatively accuracy and can be utilized as the measured static load value for subsequent calculation. The calculated standard calibration coefficients are all greater than 1, accurately evaluating the damage status of the bridge.Hence, the evaluation of bridge bearing capacity based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration exhibits significant applicability and feasibility.