The design of front-end module is based on a single bus(1-Wire Bus) technology,and constructs topology tree of 1-Wire network by utilizing digital Thermometer DS18B20 to minimize occupation of MCU's hardware resources.The design of program completes its exploration by means of binary tree data structure.This design perfects the communication agreement of front-end module to guarantee reliability and accuracy of temperature acquisition.Meanwhile,it can transmit the exact data to the controlling center system in time.