The determination of fruit maturity is the key to determining the fruit harvest time, which can ensure the quality of harvested fruit and reduce the waste in the supply chain. This paper introduces the latest research progress of near-infrared spectroscopy in fruit maturity discrimination by researchers at home and abroad from the aspects of hardness, dry matter, solid soluble content, and comprehensive evaluation index, the problems encountered in its application, the later key research direction and development prospect are summarized and prospected.