【Objective】In recent years, constructed wetland (CW) coupled with microbial fuel cell (MFC) have formed a novel bioelectrochemical system, constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC), with excellent pollutant degradation and bioelectricity generation performance. The aim of this paper is to summarise the characteristics and applications of the electrodes, introduce the effects of different electrode materials on the system, and finally provide an outlook on its future research directions.【Methodology】This paper combines the latest research results at home and abroad.【Results】The functional properties and applications of electrodes are summarised, followed by the performance differences of different electrode materials in the wastewater treatment process and their effects on the power generation efficiency, and finally an outlook on their future research directions is presented for further reference for the technological development of CW-MFC.【Conclusion】CW-MFC is a bioelectrochemical system with a wide range of applications. Future research directions include optimisation of electrode materials, improvement of system operation efficiency and cost reduction. At the same time, research in practical applications needs to be strengthened to promote the application of this technology in the fields of environmental protection and energy.