To investigate the seismic safety performance of shield tunnels under geothermal source effects, based on Xi’an Metro Line 10 project, finite element numerical simulation was adopted to reproduce the seismic response of shield tunnels under geothermal sources, and the influence of different relative positions between geothermal sources and the tunnel was analyzed. The results show that geothermal sources significantly amplify the stress levels in tunnel segments near the heat source while reducing the joint opening displacements in these areas, with minimal impact on sections far from the heat source. The distance between the heat source and the tunnel affects the stress levels in tunnel segments but has little influence on joint opening displacements. Geothermal sources significantly affect joint opening displacements and stress in shield tunnels near the heat source but have negligible impact on parameters such as acceleration and tilting angles. The research can provide reference for the design of similar working condition in the future.element