In order to further promote the application level of recycled concrete filled steel tube components in earthquake prone areas, 10 recycled aggregate concrete filled circular steel tubular long columns (RACSTC) were designed for low cycle reciprocating loading. The experiment considers axial compression ratio and steel pipe wall thickness as influencing parameters, and conducts in-depth research on the failure mechanism and hysteresis performance, skeleton curve and ductility coefficient, energy dissipation and secant stiffness degradation of RACSTC. The experimental results show that the hysteresis curve of RACSTC is full without any pinching or shrinking, and the skeleton curve goes through the elastic stage, elastic- plastic stage, and descent stage, with good ductility. The yield displacement angle and ultimate displacement angle meet the standard specifications. The equivalent viscous damping coefficient of RACSTC during the failure stage ranges from 0.49 to 1.07, indicating that they have good deformation performance and seismic resistance. The research results can provide guiding reference for the practical application of recycled concrete filled steel tube components.